Wednesday, December 9, 2020

Software Updates Deployments Concepts and Considerations

 There are a lot of things to consider when using SCCM to deliver software updates.  This document covers:

  • Active directory computer groups
  • Maintenance Windows
  • Software Updates Deployment Collections
  • Selection of Software Updates Classifications and Products
  • Automatic Deployment Rules
  • Software Update Groups and Software Updates Packages
  • Client Settings
  • Periodic Maintenance of your SCCM updates environment


Active Directory Consideration

 

If you do not want the requirement of SCCM console access for people to change maintenance windows then you will want to set up Active Directory Computer Groups for your maintenance windows.  This will allow your service desk or server administrators or a CMDB product like ServiceNow or Tivoli to move computers in and out of maintenance windows without the need for the console or bothering an SCCM administrator to move them.

 

It is recommended that you create a selection of maintenance window computer groups from which your organization may choose.  Be sure that some are during the day (because there are servers that do most of their work at night) and that there is a nice, broad selection of windows throughout the week/weekend.

 

It is recommended that you name these maintenance windows very similar to the names used in SCCM.  Use 24hour time annotation rather than AM/PM.  For all naming conventions it is recommended that the broadest term be on the left moving toward the narrowest term on the right.

Here is an example of a good naming convention:

CG-MWSU-06FRI-2000-0000

This breaks down to:

CG = Computer Group - this is for organizing your own Active Directory.  You may already have a convention for designating object types within your AD.  This item type is the broadest term in our name.

MW = Maintenance Window - this is less broad than CG because it defines what the CG is used for.

SU = Software Updates - there are different types of maintenance windows used in SCCM; software updates, task sequence, standard deployments.  So this defines what the MW is used for.

06 = this is strictly for sorting the days of the week so that things lay out nicely for human viewing in the console.  01=Sun, 02=Mon and so on.

FRI = human readable day of week corresponding to the aforementioned number.  This helps to reduce human error by removing the necessity to calculate the day of the week every time someone goes to make a change.

2000-0000 = The actual window, in this case 8pm to midnight.  4hrs is the recommended window length.

 

By creating AD Computer Groups for your maintenance windows you will enable the ability to delegate the management of the maintenance windows to persons or automation that knows nothing about SCCM.  That capability may become very valuable to you in the future even if it is not something that you currently need.

 

Maintenance Windows

 

Within SCCM you should create a folder named "Maintenance Windows".  Create *ALL* maintenance windows within this folder.  *NEVER* assign a maintenance window to any collection outside of this folder.  The reason for being so emphatic about locating all of your MWs within this folder is that maintenance windows are additive.  This means that if you place a computer into a collection that has a MW of 8pm to midnight on Fri and you also place that computer into a collection with a MW of midnight to 4am on Sat then the computer effectively has a MW of 8pm Fri to 4am Sat.  That's all well and good but now imagine trying to figure out what the effective MW of a computer is if you have assigned MWs to collections throughout your SCCM environment.  It is imperative, for your own sanity, that you keep all of your MWs in one place.

 

Within your "Maintenance Windows" folder create a folder called "Software Updates MWs" and put all of your software updates maintenance windows within that.  Do the same for Task Sequences and General maintenance windows.  Do not mix types, again, for your own sanity.

 

It is recommended that you name these maintenance windows very similar to the names used in AD.  Use 24hour time annotation rather than AM/PM.  For all naming conventions it is recommended that the broadest term be on the left moving toward the narrowest term on the right.

Here is an example of a good naming convention:

MWSU-06FRI-2000-0000

This breaks down to:

MW = Maintenance Window

SU = Software Updates

06 = numerical day of week for sorting in the console.

FRI = human readable day of week

2000-0000 = The actual window in 24hr time.  4hrs is the recommended window for software updates.

 

Populate your maintenance window collections by creating the collection's query for the attribute class "System Resource" and the attribute "System Group Name" is equal to your AD computer group name.  Note that Active Directory Group Discovery needs to be enabled within SCCM in order for this to work.  Also remember to exclude your manual update collection as you create your MW collections.

 

Manual Update collection - almost every organization has a few computers, usually servers, that they wish to ensure only get deployed manually.  Create a collection for manual installations.  A suggested name would be something like "MWSU-Manual".  As you create your software updates maintenance windows set them to explicitly "exclude" members of this manual update collection so that these computers never end up in a maintenance window that automatically installs updates.

 

Do not put workstations into software updates maintenance windows.  You control when updates begin to deploy to workstations but you will want to allow them to install at any time so that workstations that are off overnight and whatnot will still get the updates at their next opportunity after your specified start time.

 

Software Updates Deployment Collections

 

Once you have your maintenance windows created it is time to create the collections to which you will actually (mechanically) assign the software updates deployments.  These collections will include all of your maintenance windows collections and your manual collection.

 

In the root of your Device Collections container in SCCM create a folder named Software Updates Deployments.  This will house your normal deployment collections but you will also want to place into this folder any "one-off" software updates deployment collections such as zero-day deployments or manually created deployments.

 

Create at least the four collections in green, if your organization wants a more staged approach then also create the two in orange.  These are named with a suggested naming convention where any collection that is going to be targeted with a deployment starts with DEP:

 

o    DEP - SU - Workstation Test - Populate this collection with workstations that will receive software updates first, before you send them to the rest of your organization.  You will deploy to this collection the first week that software updates get released from the manufacturer (Microsoft).  Include your manual collection here so that the administrators of those computers can install on whatever schedule they wish, early or late.  Be sure to exclude the manual installation collection just in case there are workstations that are "sensitive".

o    DEP - SU - Workstation Pilot - Populate this collection with your pilot workstations.  Workstations should not use maintenance windows (at least not for software updates) so no need to add maintenance windows collections.  Be sure to exclude the manual installation collection just in case there are workstations that are "sensitive".

o    DEP - SU - Workstation Standard - Because all of your other workstations have already been targeted by the time you are deploying "standard" you can just include "All Workstations" in this collection.   Be sure to exclude the manual installation collection just in case there are workstations that are "sensitive".

o    DEP - SU - Server Test - Populate this collection with servers that will receive software updates first, before you send them to the rest of your organization.  You will deploy to this collection the first week that software updates get released from the manufacturer (Microsoft).  Include your manual collection here so that the administrators of those computers can install on whatever schedule they wish, early or late.

o    DEP - SU - Server Pilot - Populate this collection with your pilot servers.  You will deploy to this collection the week after software updates get released from the manufacturer (Microsoft).

o    DEP - SU - Server Standard -  Because all of your other workstations have already been targeted by the time you are deploying "standard" you can just include "All Servers" in this collection.   Be sure to exclude the manual installation collection.

 

Software Updates Classifications and Products

 

You are almost ready to create some rules to deploy the software updates but before you can do that you need to decide exactly what will go into the deployments.  Use software inventory to help you decide on the products that you need for your organization.  Including products that do not exist in your organization or items that SCCM will not distribute as software updates will simply waste your storage space.

 

Set up the classifications and products in the Site System Role for the Software Update point.

 

Be sure to select, at a minimum the classifications Critical Updates, Security Updates, Update Rollups, and Updates.  Also, if your organization has Microsoft Surface devices, be sure to check the checkbox for Microsoft Surface drivers.  From the products be sure to select Windows 10, Windows 10 version 1903 and later, and Windows 10 LTSB (if you have LTSB in your environment).  Select any Windows Server versions that you have in your environment as well.  Finally use your software inventory information to select other products that exist in your organization.

 

See Software Updates Classifications and Products for more information. 

 

Automatic Deployment Rules

 

Now that you have your deployment collections created and your products selected it is time to create the deployments.  In order to fully automate the process you will create the following ADRs (again naming convention using least specific on left to most specific on right):

 

Here is the basic template for your ADRs.  The specifics for your six different deployment types are below after the template settings.

 

Basic Template

General:

Software Update Group = Create new

Enable = Enable the deployment after the rule is run

Deployment Settings:

Detail Level = Success and error messages

License Agreements = Automatically deploy all software updates found by this rule and approve any license agreements

Software Updates:

Software Updates Property Filters:

·         Date Released or Revised: Last 45 days

·         Is Deployed: No

·         Superseded: No

·         Update Classification: "Security Updates, Security Updates, Update Rollups, and Updates"

Click on the preview button to see what this will do before you continue.

Evaluation Schedule:

Run the rule on a schedule: Customize

·         Monthly

·         Every 1 month

·         The Second Tuesday

·         Be sure the time at the top is a time late enough in the day that Microsoft should have already released any updates by that time (suggest after 3pm PST)

Deployment Schedule:

Time based on: Client local time

Software Available time: As soon as possible

Installation Deadline: 2 days (this sets the deadline to Thursday at the time of day set in the evaluation schedule).

User Experience:

User notifications:  Show in software center and show all notifications

Deadline Behavior: 

Software Updates Installation: unchecked

System Restart (if required): unchecked

Deadline Restart Behavior:

Servers: Checked

Workstations: Unchecked

Alerts:

Generate an alert when this rule fails: checked

Generate an alert when the following conditions are met: checked

Client compliance below the following percent: 80

Offset from the deadline: 14 days

Operations Manager Alerts: leave both unchecked unless you have SCOM

Download Settings:

Using different distribution point:

Deployment Options: Do not install software updates (prevents network WAN swamping if a remote DP is down).

Default boundary group:

Deployment Options: Do not install software updates (prevents network WAN swamping if a remote DP is down).

Check both check boxes.  This will ensure that clients can get updates regardless of DP status and metered connections are not really a thing anymore.  If you have ADSL lines, satellite uplinks, or other metered connections then you might want to uncheck that box. 

 

ADR-Workstation-Test

General:

Description = Week 1 - Deploy to test, early adopters, and manual installations.

Collection = DEP - SU - Workstation Test

Deployment Schedule:

Software Available time: As soon as possible

Installation Deadline: 2 days (this sets the deadline to Thursday at the time of day set in the evaluation schedule).

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

No deployment package.  This is great for the modern workplace with many people mobile and/or working from home.  It removes the requirement for them to connect to the on-premises network (physically or via vpn) to get updates but you are still able to control the manifest of which updates they will receive.

Download Settings:

Check both check boxes.  This will ensure that clients can get updates regardless of DP status and metered connections are not really a thing anymore.  If you have ADSL lines, satellite uplinks, or other metered connections then you might want to uncheck that box. 

 

ADR-Workstation-Pilot

General:

Description = Week 2 - Deploy to pilot and dev.

Collection = DEP - SU - Workstation Pilot

Deployment Schedule:

Software Available time: 7 days

Installation Deadline: 0

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

No deployment package.  This is great for the modern workplace with many people mobile and/or working from home.  It removes the requirement for them to connect to the on-premises network (physically or via vpn) to get updates but you are still able to control the manifest of which updates they will receive.

Download Settings:

Check both check boxes.  This will ensure that clients can get updates regardless of DP status and metered connections are not really a thing anymore.  If you have ADSL lines, satellite uplinks, or other metered connections then you might want to uncheck that box. 

 

ADR-Workstation-Standard

General:

Description = Week 3 - Deploy to the entire organization.

Collection = DEP - SU - Workstation Standard

Deployment Schedule:

Software Available time: 14 days

Installation Deadline: 0

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

No deployment package.  This is great for the modern workplace with many people mobile and/or working from home.  It removes the requirement for them to connect to the on-premises network (physically or via vpn) to get updates but you are still able to control the manifest of which updates they will receive.

Download Settings:

Check both check boxes.  This will ensure that clients can get updates regardless of DP status and metered connections are not really a thing anymore.  If you have ADSL lines, satellite uplinks, or other metered connections then you might want to uncheck that box. 

 

ADR-Server-Test

General:

Description -=Week 1 - Deploy to test, early adopters, and manual installations.

Collection = DEP - SU - Server Test

Deployment Schedule:

Software Available time: As soon as possible

Installation Deadline: 0 days

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

If you do not already have a package for the year, create one.

Select a deployment package: Select your deployment package for the year

User Experience:

Deadline Restart Behavior:

Servers: Unchecked

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

If you do not already have a package for the year, create one.

Select a deployment package: Select your deployment package for the year

Download Settings:

Uncheck the check box for downloading from Microsoft.  You don't want servers going direct to Microsoft.  They should always be connected to your infrastructure.

 

ADR-Server-Pilot

General:

Description = Week 2 - Deploy to pilot and dev.

Collection = DEP - SU - Server Pilot

Deployment Schedule:

Software Available time: 7 days

Installation Deadline: 0 days

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

If you do not already have a package for the year, create one.

Select a deployment package: Select your deployment package for the year

User Experience:

Deadline Restart Behavior:

Servers: Unchecked

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

If you do not already have a package for the year, create one.

Select a deployment package: Select your deployment package for the year

Download Settings:

Uncheck the check box for downloading from Microsoft.  You don't want servers going direct to Microsoft.  They should always be connected to your infrastructure.

 

ADR-Server-Standard

General:

Description = Week 3 - Deploy to the entire organization.

Collection = DEP - SU - Workstation Standard

Deployment Schedule:

Software Available time: 14 days

Installation Deadline: 0 days

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

If you do not already have a package for the year, create one.

Select a deployment package: Select your deployment package for the year

User Experience:

Deadline Restart Behavior:

Servers: Unchecked

Deployment Package: (use one of the two following choices)

If you do not already have a package for the year, create one.

Select a deployment package: Select your deployment package for the year

Download Settings:

Uncheck the check box for downloading from Microsoft.  You don't want servers going direct to Microsoft.  They should always be connected to your infrastructure.

 

Software Update Groups and Software Updates Packages 


The Automatic Deployment Rules will create Software Update Packages and Software Update Groups.  The Software Update Group is basically a manifest of which updates should be accessible to a specific group of computers (the computers to which the SUG is deployed).  The Software Update Group does not actually contain the binaries/software of the update, that is in the Software Updates Package.

 

There is a major difference in how SCCM deals with Software Updates Packages and any other type of package.  You do not deploy Software Updates Packages themselves, but rather you deploy the Software Updates Group (the manifest).  When the client begins to apply updates it does not download the entire Software Updates Package but rather downloads only those updates from the Software Updates Package that apply to it.  That is the big difference, any other type of package must download the entire package.

 

This does not mean that you can allow your Software Updates Packages to grow to unlimited size.  The size of the Software Updates Packages will still contribute to slowing things down if they grow too large because they still must be transferred to Distribution Points and the clients must search through them for the updates.

 

It is recommended that you roll up your updates periodically into quarterly and/or yearly packages.  In the Automatic Deployment Rules section, all of the examples are using a yearly package so in that case you would need to create a new package each year.

 

You must maintain your Software Updates Groups and Packages by removing expired and superseded updates periodically.  Failure to do so will cause sometimes updates to fail.  See the Periodic Maintenance section for instructions on how to clean up your Software Updates Groups and Packages.

 

Client Settings

 

Below are the Client Settings that I most typically recommend.  Note that though these are typical they are not universal.  You must set these in a way that works for you and your business.  For example the BITS throttling window in these typical settings would not work at all for a global company that has almost equal usage 24 hours a day.

 

Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS)

Throttling window start time: 1hr prior to your normal start of business

Throttling window end time: 1hr after your normal start of business

Maximum transfer rate during throttling window (Kbps): 10 (this is so low because BITS is client side, not server side, so even this low one could theoretically swamp a WAN link).

Allow BITS downloads outside the throttling window: Allow

Maximum transfer rate outside the throttling window (Kbps): Unlimited

Client cache settings

Configure BranchCache: Yes

Enable BranchCache: No

Maximum BranchCache cache size (percentage of disk): 10

Configure client cache size: Yes

Maximum cache size (MB): 10240

Maximum cache size (percentage of disk): 5

Enable as peer cache source: Yes

Port for initial network broadcast (default UDP 8004): 8004

Port for content download from peer (default TCP 8003): 8003
Minimum duration before cached content can be removed (minutes): 1440

Client policy

Client policy polling interval (minutes): 60

Enable user policy on clients: Yes

Enable user policy requests from internet clients: Yes

Enable user policy for multiple user sessions: No

Cloud services

Allow access to cloud distribution point: Yes if CDP exists, No if it does not

Automatically register new Windows 10 domain joined devices with Azure Active Directory: Yes

Enable clients to use a cloud management gateway: Yes

Compliance settings

Enable compliance evaluation on clients: Yes

Schedule compliance evaluation: Every 1 Hour

Enable User Data and Profiles: No (but this is becoming more and more common)

Computer agent

User notifications for required deployments:

Deployment deadline greater than 24 hours, remind user every (hours): 24

Deployment deadline less than 24 hours, remind user every (hours): 4

Deployment deadline less than 1 hour, remind user every (minutes): 15

Default Application Catalog website point: Support ends for the application catalog roles with version 1910.

Add default Application Catalog website to Internet Explorer trusted sites zone: Yes

Allow Silverlight applications to run in elevated trust mode: No (This setting must be Yes for users to use the application catalog.)

Organization name displayed in Software Center: OrganizationName

Use new Software Center: Yes

Enable communication with Health Attestation Service: Yes

Install permissions: All Users

Suspend BitLocker PIN entry on restart: Always

Additional software manages the deployment of applications and software updates: No

PowerShell execution policy: Bypass

Show notifications for new deployments: No (this is the annoying "There is new software available")

Disable deadline randomization: No

Grace period for enforcement after deployment deadline (hours): 8

Enable Endpoint analytics data collection: No (if you are using Endpoint Analytics you likely are enrolling via Intune, not here).

Computer restart

Configuration Manager can force a device to restart: Yes

Specify the amount of time after the deadline before a device gets restarted (minutes): 120

Specify the amount of time that a user is presented a final countdown notification before a device gets restarted (minutes): 15

Specify the frequency of reminder notifications presented to the user, after the deadline, before a device gets restarted (minutes): 15

When a deployment requires a restart, show a dialog window to the user instead of a toast notification: Yes

When a deployment requires a restart, allow low-rights users to restart a device running Windows Server: Yes

Delivery Optimization

Use Configuration Manager Boundary Groups for Delivery Optimization Group ID: Yes

Enable devices managed by Configuration Manager to use Microsoft Connected Cache servers for content download: Yes

Endpoint Protection

Manage Endpoint Protection client on client computers: No/Yes depending on if company uses MEP

Install Endpoint Protection client on client computers: No/Yes depending on if company uses MEP

Allow Endpoint Protection client installation and restarts outside maintenance windows: Yes

For Windows Embedded devices with write filters, commit Endpoint Protection client installation (requires restarts): Yes

Suppress any required computer restarts after the Endpoint Protection client is installed: No

Allowed period of time users can postpone a required restart to complete the Endpoint Protection installation (hours): 120

Disable alternate sources for the initial definition update on client computers: No

Enrollment

Polling interval for mobile device legacy clients: 60

Polling interval for modern devices (minutes): 60

Allow users to enroll mobile devices and Mac computers: Yes

Enrollment profile:

Allow users to enroll modern devices: Yes

Modern device enrollment profile:

Hardware inventory

Enable hardware inventory on clients: Yes

Hardware inventory schedule: Every 1 Days

Maximum random delay (minutes): 90

Maximum custom MIF file size (KB): 512 (adjust as necessary if MIFs start failing due to size)

Hardware inventory classes: Keep defaults

Collect MIF files: Yes

Metered internet connections (these are not common)

Client communication on metered internet connections: Allow

Power management

Allow power management of devices: Yes

Allow users to exclude their device from power management: Yes

Allow network wake-up: Yes

Enable wake-up proxy: No

Remote tools

Enable Remote Control on clients, and Firewall exception profiles: Yes

Users can change policy or notification settings in Software Center: No

Allow Remote Control of an unattended computer: Yes

Prompt user for Remote Control permission: Yes

Prompt user for permission to transfer content from shared clipboard: No

Grant Remote Control permission to local Administrators group: Yes

Access level allowed: Full Control

Permitted viewers of Remote Control and Remote Assistance: <unconfigured>

Show session notification icon on taskbar: Yes

Show session connection bar: No

Play a sound on client: Beginning and end of session (default)

Manage unsolicited Remote Assistance settings: Yes

Level of access for Remote Assistance: Full Control

Manage Remote Desktop settings: Yes

Allow permitted viewers to connect by using Remote Desktop connection: Yes

Require network level authentication on computers that run Windows Vista operating system and later versions: Yes

Software Center

Select the user portal: Software Center

Select these new settings to specify company information: Yes

Company name: Enter the organization name that users see in Software Center.

Color scheme for Software Center: Click Select Color to define the primary color used by Software Center.

Select a logo for Software Center: Click Browse to select an image to appear in Software Center. The logo must be a JPEG, PNG, or BMP of 400 x 100 pixels, with a maximum size of 750 KB. The logo file name shouldn't contain spaces.

Hide unapproved applications in Software Center: No (hiding removes ability to request approval)

Hide installed applications in Software Center: No (hiding removes reinstall/repair ability)

Hide Application Catalog link in Software Center: Yes (Application Catalog is obsolete)

Software Center tab visibility: Leave Defaults

Configure default views in Software Center:

Default application filter: All

Default application view:  Tile view

Software deployment

Enable software inventory on clients: Yes

Schedule software inventory and file collection: Every 7 Days

Inventory reporting detail: Full details

Inventory these file types: .exe, .dll

Name: *.exe and *.dll

Location: %systemdrive%

Exclude encrypted and compressed files: Yes

Exclude files in the Windows folder: Yes

Collect files: None - use this very sparingly, it can really explode your storage usage.

Set Names: Leave default

Software Metering

Software inventory tells you which software exists on the computer. Software metering tells you when and how often the software is used.  The most common usage of metering is to recover licenses for software that is installed but not used.  To that end you don't need to create rules for every piece of software, only those where the usage actually matters.  For example usage of Notepad++ doesn't matter but usage of Visio does.  So don't kill yourself creating rules for everything, just the important items.

Enable software metering on clients: Yes

Schedule data collection: Every 7 days

§  Never enable the automatic rule creation as it just makes a mess.  Microsoft has never gotten this right since SMS 1.0.

§  Just use a wildcard for the version (*) as SCCM will automatically determine the version for you anyway and by using a wildcard you won't have to change your rule for every version.

§  Original file name is not necessary, ignore it.

§  Only use language if you have the same software in multiple languages, otherwise use a wildcard (*).

§  Select "All Clients" for "Apply this software metering rule to the following clients".  If you aren't wanting to meter your clients then why are your clients then why are you creating the rule?

Software updates

Software update scan schedule: Every 1 Day

Schedule deployment re-evaluation: Every 7 Days

Allow user proxy for software update scans: No

When any software update deployment deadline is reached, install all other software update deployments with deadline coming within a specified period of time: Yes (this helps to reduce the number of times per month that you irritate your users)

Period of time for which all pending deployments with deadline in this time will also be installed: 7 Days (only irritate the users for software updates once per week)

Allow clients to download delta content when available: Yes (reduces the amount of data used to download updates)

Port that clients use to receive requests for delta content: 8005 (default)

If content is unavailable from distribution points in the current boundary group, immediately fallback to a neighbor or the site default: No

Enable management of the Office 365 Client Agent: Yes

Enable installation of software updates in "All deployments" maintenance window when "Software Update" maintenance window is available: No (we prefer keeping these deployments segregated so that if there is a problem it is easier to troubleshoot)

Specify thread priority for feature updates: Not Configured

Enable third party software updates: Yes

Enable Dynamic Update for feature updates: Yes

State Messaging

State message reporting cycle (minutes): 15 minutes (default)

User and device affinity

User device affinity usage threshold (minutes): 2880 minutes (default)

User device affinity usage threshold (days): 30 days (default)

Automatically configure user device affinity from usage data: Yes

Allow user to define their primary devices: Yes

  

Periodic Maintenance


In order to keep your windows updates infrastructure healthy there is some maintenance that you should perform periodically.  How frequently you do these things is up to you but quarterly is recommended and no less frequently than annually.

 

Remove expired and superseded updates from software updates groups -

1.       Look at the list of Software Updates Groups for any that have a yellow icon, double-click on the software update group to see its "Membership" (all software updates that are included in the SUG).

2.       If the columns are not already visible, add columns for Expired and Superseded in your console view.

3.       Sort the updates by "Expired"

4.       Multi-select all expired updates (hold shift and click on them).

5.       Right-click on any selected update and select "Edit membership" from the context menu.

6.       Remove the updates from all software updates groups

7.       Sort the updates list by "Superseded" and repeat steps 4-6 for the superseded updates.

8.       Repeat steps 1-7 until there are no more SUGs with yellow icons.

 

Roll up updates into quarterly/annual Software Updates Packages

1.       adsf

 


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